Internet Trespass

Web Trespass A letter to my sister with respect to her site ideaHi Sis,I imagine that you may have a serious smart thought about an amalgamation website for web based dating. It would likely be a decent lucrative site for you on the off chance that you do it appropriately. Despite the fact that I figure you should see what befell an organization called Bidder's Edge. Here is a little data that I investigated for you to consider.Bidder's Edge was a website that had been made to look through numerous online closeout destinations and analyze the costs of comparable things looked for by its individuals. E-Bay anyway didn't care for what the organization was doing and E-Bay looked to keep Bidder's Edge from creeping its site, guaranteeing that Bidder's Edge was going onto its site 100,000 times each day, in this way setting a weight on its frameworks. This was not the movement that a run of the mill client would ever generate.Personal Property (film)Rather than guarantee licensed innovation encroachme nt, E-Bay asserted that via scanning things recorded available to be purchased Bidder's Edge was intruding on its site. Bidder's Edge was not intruding in the feeling of causing harm just by their undesired nearness; they were really doing harm by getting to E-Bay so much that they represented a noteworthy level of E-Bay's transfer speed. It had nothing to do with connecting and everything to do with what added up to a little scope Denial of Service transmission capacity in addition to processing assets attack.The court found that Bidder's Edge had meddled with and harmed E-Bay's site - and in this way its place of business. (Wolverton, 2000) Bidder's Edge had to stop picking up data about E-Bay's site as such, however it was allowed to seek after another different methodologies not legitimately precluded in the preliminary. At the end of the day, the legislature has bolstered the view that databases are...

Word Choice Altar vs. Alter - Proofeds Writing Tips

Word Choice Altar versus Modify - Proofeds Writing Tips Word Choice: Altar versus Modify One little letter can have a major effect now and then, so it is essential to have sure you know the effect between comparatively spelled words which by and by have different implications. On account of raised area and change, for example, the complexity couldn’t be a lot greater! While modify is an ordinarily utilized action word in English, raised area is a thing which should just be utilized in an unmistakable setting. Blending these words up can hence truly affect upon the nature of your composed work. So to assist we’ve put together this guide on the best way to utilize them. Adjust (Modify) Modify is an action word which implies â€Å"change† or â€Å"modify.† Thus in the event that you are hoping to portray an alteration or change that something has experienced, utilize the word adjust: After his sister excused him, William chose to change his will to incorporate her. Special stepped area (A Ceremonial Table) Special stepped area, then again, is a thing which alludes to a table or brought surface spent in strict services, including the Christian Eucharist. For instance: The assembly confronted the raised area as they anticipated Holy Communion. The word special stepped area is additionally now and then found in the figure of speech â€Å"to penance X on the raised area of X.† This way to surrender or disregard something in favor something different. Typically this is utilized in a negative manner, for example, John yielded his family life on the special raised area of his vocation. The above depends upon the strict significance of special raised area, allegorically proposing that John has neglected to satisfy his family obligations by yielding them in favor his work. Change or Altar? It is very simple to recall which of â€Å"alter† or â€Å"altar† to use in some random circumstance. Simply remember the accompanying: Modify (action word) = Change Raised area (thing) = A stately table In the event that you’re searching for a word meaning â€Å"change† or â€Å"modify,† it will consistently be an action word you need. In that capacity, â€Å"alter† is the term you’re after. The thing â€Å"altar,† then, will typically possibly be material if you’re portraying a strict service or the like. For additional counsel on jargon in your composition, you will discover a lot of accommodating tips in the word decision file segment of our scholastic blog. What's more, to ensure that the spelling, sentence structure and jargon in your work are great, Proofed’s proficient editors give a far reaching scope of editing and arranging administrations.

Medieval Siege Weapons :: European Europe History

Medieval Siege Weapons This is a short section or two on every one of the significant attack weapons. For the besiegers as well as the protectors. If it's not too much trouble note the majority of these weapons were not utilized alone and frequently had a wide range of adaptations of a similar weapon. KNIGHT At age seven a child of a respectable family was sent to an aristocrat or ruler, regularly who was a family member. Here he was a page and instructed how to ride a pony, and his habits. At fourteen years old he was apprenticed to a knight. As the assistant to the knight he would deal with his pony, assist him with putting the knights reinforcement on and keep it clean. Thus he was instructed how to utilize a bow, cut meat, and other noble abilities. The assistant would need to go into fight with the knight to help him when he was injured or unhorsed. On the off chance that the assistant was fruitful he would be knighted at 21 years old. When there wasn't a war going on knight would need to practice, practice, and practice some more. They would wrestle, battle with obtuse blades, do trapeze artistry, and furthermore do sports like lance and putting which is tossing an overwhelming stone as far as possible. Experienced knights would partake in competitions held by the lord. The champ would typically simply get boasting rights and at times an aggregate of cash. The most widely recognized occasion was jousting. Jousting is where to completely reinforced knights ride at one another on ponies while pointing a long wooden spear at the one another. With speeds arriving at 60 miles for each hour here and there could be deadly mishaps. On the off chance that the individual was knocked off the other was successful. Launches The sling, was imagined by the Romans, and assumes an enormous job in the attack of any manor. Besiegers could fire 100-200 pound stones up to 1,000 feet. The launch was utilized to demolish structures and dividers inside and outside of the stronghold dividers, it could likewise annihilate a foes moral by tossing cut off heads of companions, they could spread ailment by tossing poo and dead creatures in, and they could obliterate wooden structure by tossing packs of fire in. Prior models simply utilized a huge load toward one side of a rotating arm. The arm was pulled back the rocket was set and afterward let go.

Accounting treatment for fixed assets †Polaris Industries Inc. - 1100 Words

Accounting treatment for fixed assets – Polaris Industries Inc. (Term Paper Sample) Content: Students nameTutors nameCourse titleDateAccounting treatment for fixed assets Polaris Industries Inc.Polaris Industries Inc. designs, engineers and manufactures off-road vehicles such as motorcycles, snowmobiles, side-by-side vehicles and all-terrain vehicles. The vehicles are designed to serve a number of purposes ranging from commercial to luxury. It also makes parts and accessories needed to keep these vehicles running smoothly as well as garments for keeping riders safe and comfortable. The company sells its products through a network of distributors and dealers located in the US, Canada and other parts of Europe. Polaris Industries Inc. is also quoted on the New York Stock Exchange. The companys head offices are in Minnesota, USA.Understanding depreciationA company requires fixed assets to help it produce goods for sale to its consumers. Examples of such assets include: machinery, computers, buildings, furniture and motor vehicles. As time goes by, the fixed ass ets owned by a company, excluding land, lose their value and ability to provide services (Warren, Reeve and Duchac 453). This is referred to as depreciation. It can be caused by wear and tear or exposure to weather elements. Depreciation also occurs through obsolescence, a situation that is manifested through an asset falling out of use following changes in technology or a shift in customer preferences. Accounting for depreciation involves allocating the cost of a fixed asset as an expense over its useful life. This results in a net figure which is the book value of the asset. This figure is arrived at by taking the cost of an asset in question, less the total depreciation to date. Warren, Reeve and Duchac also help erase the misunderstanding that depreciation measures decline in the market value of a fixed asset (453). At the same time, depreciation does not involve providing cash to replace a fixed asset. Peterson supports this by stating that depreciation is an expense that resul ts from use of assets. He adds that depreciation is measured by allocating the expected net cost of using the asset over the estimated useful life in a systematic and rational manner (102). Without accounting for depreciation, a company would be overstating the value of its fixed assets.How the company depreciates its fixed assetsPolaris Industries Inc. uses the straight-line method of depreciation. This is a method where an equal amount of depreciation is charged on an asset every year over its useful life. Straight-line method uses three important values: the initial cost of an asset, expected useful life, residual value. Computation of depreciation under straight-line method is as follows:Annual depreciation = Cost of asset Estimated residual value Assets useful lifeFor simplicity of calculation, the annual depreciation is usually converted into a percentage. This is done by dividing 100% by the number of years a company has agreed upon as its expected useful life. On the other hand, determination of an assets useful life is purely at the discretion of every company or business entity. The description of how Polaris Industries Inc. treats deprecation of fixed assets is found in the annual reports. Such details are normally stated on the notes accompanying financial reports. For instance, in the latest annual reports for the fiscal year 2013, this information is found on Note 1 Organization and Significant Accounting Policies under the subheading, Property and equipment (p.53). The report states that:The company shows its property and equipment at costIt then depreciates the same using the straight-line methodThe useful lives are, 10-40 years for building and improvements and 1-7 years for equipment and toolingPolaris Industries Inc. also eliminates fully depreciated tooling assets from its schedule every year.Fixed assets are usually recorded in the balance sheet. For Polaris Industries Inc. details of fixed assets and the resultant depreciation are found on the consolidated balance sheet appearing on page 46 of the 2014 annual report. Polaris has indicated the total cost of its plant and equipment on a yearly basis. Below this is the accumulated depreciation followed by the value net of depreciation.To illustrate how Polaris calculates depreciation, assuming that on January 1, 2013 the company purchases equipment worth $74,000 with an expected useful life of 10 years and an estimated residual value of $5,000, annual depreciation will be as follows:Annual depreciation = Cost Residual value / Estimated useful life = $74,000 - $5,000 / 10 years = 69,000 / 10 = $6,900Converting depreciation to percentage = 100% / 10 = 10%Therefore, from this illustration, the depreciation expense for the year ending December 31, 2013 will be $6,900. In essence, this also means that the equipment is depreciated at the rate of 10% per annum. To capture depreciation effectively, every company must keep a fixed assets register. This is a schedule showing the movement of assets. Among other things, it shows:Acquired assets including the name, serial or registration number where applicableDates of acquisitionCost or amount paid to acquire these assetsAsset category, in Polaris case this could be equipment, tooling, land, building or improvements Rate of depreciation according to company policyAssets disposed and dates of these transactions

Nice Guys Dont Always Lose - 1372 Words

Everyone has heard the saying; â€Å"nice guys always finish last,† at least once in their lifetime. Although it is commonly said, it doesn’t mean it’s correct; just because a person happens to be nice and a good moral person doesn’t mean they can’t lead a successful life. A general misconception is that it takes greed and selfishness in order to become wealthy, but that just isn’t so. It can be seen throughout society quite easily that one can be a first-class citizen without having to dive into the dark side, so easy that all one has to do is to drive through my cul-de-sac and meet my neighbors to see how wealth and a moral life are not mutually exclusive. One person that practically everyone in the world knows, has been keeping up with his†¦show more content†¦Garret Hardin feels differently about such generosity. In relation to helping poorer nations Hardin says, â€Å"As a result of such solutions to food shortage emergencies , the poor countries will not learn to mend their ways, and will suffer progressively greater emergencies as their populations grow†(Hardin 627). Hardin feels the opposite of Gates, as he believes that if the wealthy help the weaker nations will just make them worse off. Though well thought out, Hardin’s feelings towards the poor are contradictory to Gate’s more moral position and actions. Gate’s personal obligation to donate money and time is a great portrayal of his character yet most wealthy people should feel that obligation. No matter how wealthy a community or country may be, there will always be someone in need. That is where those with the personal wealth come into play. A look at most modern athletes is a great example of how rich citizens can give back to their communities. Throughout every major sports league there are dozens of players giving not only their money to the needy but also their time. A specific example is Barry Zito of the San Francisco Baseball Club who created his own foundation to support wounded troops of the Afghanistan and Iraq wars. Named Strikeouts for Troops(http://www.strikeoutsfortroops.org/), every strikeout Zito records, he gives a certainShow MoreRelatedThe Driving Of Car Cars911 Words   |  4 Pagesdream about cars. As I got older, I constantly am modifying and making sure my car is always clean as glass. I enjoy being around cars, t here is always the jeopardies of being a car enthusiast are always being annoyingly cautious of cars, having constant money issues, and also getting into trouble. First, one problem that is facing most car guys is that they are on top of the actions that happen near their car. Car guys are constantly cleaning their car. When passing by one there is a tendency of seeingRead MoreThe Inhumane Acts Of Uncle Tom s Cabin And Of Mice And Men 1530 Words   |  7 Pagesthought in their mind that white people are better. This an example of how slave owners treated their slaves to the point where they become depressed like George because they don’t think black people are human. Eliza escapes her master because she has heard that they were going to sell her baby. On her journey to find George a nice guy finds her and takes her to his home where his wife is at and Eliza explains to her, her story. I have lost two, one after another,--left em buried there when I cameRead MoreGo-Getup Essay1246 Words   |  5 PagesIf you have a nice girlfriend, there are probably guys hitting on her couple of time a week and it is just a matter of time before another guy hits on her just right there in front of you. This motherfucker! You’re thinking... Yeah, some guys are highly motivated go-getters, and they go after what they want in life. Most of those guys have already realized that the average civilized modern man is a pussy living under the boot of his wife and that the modern feminist women are on a quest to reachRead More Personal Writing: The Evaluation Of My Coaches Essay826 Words   |  4 Pagesseveral different coaches. Every new coach brought a different approach to coaching. The varying techniques of coaching brought about different attitudes and expectations during practices and games. I found that during practice, coaches had either the nice-guy or the drill sergeant approach. They also had different methods of coaching during and after the games. nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;Practices are very important to basketball. 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Hes a really smooth guy as portrayed in this film he has been a part of a dozen investigation and has not once been charged. Danny then looks for his old pal Rusty Ryan to run a heist to steal from three Las Vegas casinos of about 150 million dollars. They then go to scoutRead MoreAnalysis Of Me, Myself, And Irene 1386 Words   |  6 PagesCharlie Baileygates who is a proud member of the Rhode Island State Police Department. In the beginning it seemed like Charlie had everything going for him, a town that respected what he was doing, a beautiful loving wife that he recently married, an d a nice house that he call home. Month later he found that his wife was pregnant and one would think this couldn’t get any better for the main character of this movie; until that moment when they were in the delivery room. Charlie’s wife gave birth to threeRead MoreShort Story Of The Boy1513 Words   |  7 Pages â€Å"Look who we have here.† said Logan. â€Å"Listen I dont have your money† I said. â€Å"Well you better have my money the next time I see you or else I will use this.† Logan pulls out a gun, and I get in my car and drive away. â€Å"Why do I always run into this guy, he is always trying to cause trouble. What can I do to get him out of my head right now? Oh I can go hang out with Pearce and Jake.† I said to himself as he pulled up to his house. *Texting on phone* â€Å"Yo whats up want to hang out and go to some clubsRead MoreEssay754 Words   |  4 Pagesdoor. Ruth (Coming out of the kitchen with Walter at her side) And where have you been? Beneatha With Asagai. (She says while opening the door) Its nice to get out of this judging white neighborhood every once and a while. Why do you care? (Slamming the door closed) Walter Mama has been needin talk to you all day. You better hurry on now. It dont sound too good. (Ruth catches Beneathas eye and gives her a knowing look. Beneatha walks to the other side of the house to find Mama sitting in herRead MoreA True Battle Against Drugs in Go Ask Alice Essay580 Words   |  3 Pagesherself, â€Å" I don’t know why I shouldn’t use drugs, because they’re wild and they’re beautiful and they’re wonderful, but I know I shouldn’t, and I won’t! I won’t ever again. I hereby solemnly promise that I will from this day forward live so that everyone I know can be proud of me and so that I can be proud of myself!† She initially says no when Jill calls her, but after getting bored decides to go out with Bill. She tells herself that she won’t do anything, but ends up doing acid. She also loses her virginity

Motivation And School Applications Of Motivation - 839 Words

Motivation and School Applications Early theoretical models of motivation consider its source to be primarily instinctive (Schunk, 2012). The stimuli-response model of the behaviorist paradigm did not account for the cognitive aspects current theorists assert are intrinsic to the learning process (Martinez, 2010; Schunk, 2012). Behaviorism is the attempt to understand humans through observations of their actions rather than on a cognitive level and considers the learning process as a superficial construction between stimuli and responses (Bransford, Brown, Cocking, 2000; Schunk, 2012). The advent of cognitive sciences in the 1950s changed how learning was theorized and began to examine the importance of the social and cultural contexts of the learning process (Bransford et al, 2000). Behaviorism in the context of the learning environment may yield the transfer of knowledge but does so in a way reliant on the promise of external rewards (Schunk, 2012). While the use of extrinsic motivation and reward systems are widespread in learning environments to help maintain engagement and appropriate behaviors, it is also of high importance to foster and maintain intrinsic motivation in students so the reward is the learning experience and growth itself (Martinez, 2010; Schunk, 2012). The positivist climate in schools may make it difficult to cultivate intrinsically motivated students as test scores, peer comparisons, teacher praise, and promotion are all extrinsicShow MoreRelatedHigh School Students : A Interview At Alain Leroy Locke1615 Words   |  7 Pages For this paper, I decided to focus my attention on one population that I am potentially interested in working with, which are high school students. The first person I interviewed was a ninth-grade counselor at Alain Leroy Locke College Prepartory Academy. The second person I interviewed was a College Adviser, placed through USC, at Diego Rivera Learning Complex. 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Business Analysis of EI Supremo Coffee System

Question: Case study on "Business Analysis of EI Supremo Coffee System". Answer: Development of AS IS and TO BE process Figure 1: As-In process of Ordering System Comparison of As-is and To-be Process to prepare note for organizational change and training team based on the business impact of the system The AS-IS process consists of the business process model that describes its list of roles, steps as well as expectations. EI Supremo Coffee wants to automate as well as streamline with the current processes whereas the current system is documented. In the AS IN process of the above diagram, the sales staff takes the order manually. There is no data warehouse where the products are stored. Therefore, the business desires to implement an online ordering system that can reduce the chances of errors within the system (Goedertier, Vanthienen and Caron 2013). Then after taking the order from the customers, the staff takes the particular price of the product from the customers. The entire process of ordering is done using the telephone call centre with ordering of more suppliers. The customers as well as franchisees are calling for new ordering system that should provide with best services (Scholtz, Calitz and Snyman 2015). Then the business experiences that they can experience a raid growt h in their operations by providing with faster as well as efficient services with minimal errors. In the TO BE process, the existing system is redesigned such as the ordering using the telephone call centre is changed into an online ordering system that takes the orders and generates the payment for the product. In order to implement the online ordering system for the business, the organization requires an ERP system that uses to place the order of the customers. It can collects, stores as well as maintains all the account details of both customers as well as franchisees (Mallick, Garg and Grover 2014). Then, the system supports the status notifications to track the order with a confirmation that the order has been placed. After placing of the order, the staff searchers in their database system if it is available in the store. If it is available then the customers can pay for the product (Alotaibi 2014). The customers are given with two options such as they can pay the price by card or cash. If the customers pay online, then after the payment the order is delivered to the person. However, if the customer chooses to pay by cash, then at the time of delivery of the order, the customer pays the price. Recommendations to manage impact of the business The order process is executed by the use of ERP system. It reduces the manual data entry and helps to keep the data up-to-date such that the staffs can track for the products if it is available or not. The following are the recommendations to manage the impact of the system as follows: Minimizing of the overhead cost: The overhead cost should be minimized in order to overcome with the future challenges of the business. With the online ordering system, it reduces the time as well as cost of the business (Baghdadi 2014). However, it also reduces the occurrence of errors within the system such that the customers are satisfied with ordering online. Installation of the ERP system: With the installation of the ERP system within the business, it reduces the operating cost with standardized of the business processes (Masood Butt et al. 2015). Due to the centralized nature of the ERP system, the organization can track the levels of inventory on the daily basis such as inventory in transit with consignments for the future. Training to the staffs: Training should be given to the staffs so that they can familiar with the advanced technology of receiving the online ordered booking from the customers (Liu, Xia and Zhang 2014). It helps the staffs to become efficient with the overall functional and non-functional specifications of the system. Recruitment of highly professional IT specialists: In order to identify the gap between As-in as well as To-be process, highly professional IT specialists are required to make the gap between two different organizational structures for the existing as well as proposed system (Bouchbout, Akoka and Alimazighi 2012). Engagement of the vendors in the implementation process: The vendors are selected to engage into the implementation process such that it helps in identifying the functional as well as non-functional requirements of the system. Proper software solution is selected for the business with upgradation of the current version. Using the MOSCOW requirement prioritization method categorize the backlog and identifying the stories that make minimum viable product Requirements Category Must Should Could Wont Description The online ordering system must be implemented by El Supremo Coffee to save both money as well as time. This system must develop as well as maintain relationships with the customers and keep them informed about the upcoming products in El Supremo Coffee. The online ordering system should collect and store the details of the customers. It stores and tracks the products to verify if it is available or out-of-stock (Behnam and Amyot 2013). The online ordering system reduces the errors in storage of details of customers as well as payment (Li, Yan and Lin 2012). The ordering system would not decrease the operations of business as well as the base of the customers. The ordering system collects as well as stores the account details of their customers as well as franchisees. It also stores as well as tracks the products that are available with the data warehouse of the store or it is out of stock. The ordering system also supports the notifications of the status of the ordered products as well as confirmation (Bisogno et al. 2016). It collects as well as stores the enquiries that are submitted by the franchisees within the central area. It provides with the order history as well as support the re-ordering from the previous orders. It supports with a point system for the customers those are purchasing the orders frequently. The system must be connected with the WIFI as well as interfaces with the social marketing platforms (Milani et al. 2016). The new online ordering system provides with the benefits to the EI Supremo Coffee. The new system gives benefits to the business by increasing the orders of the customers as well as franchisees. It also increases the satisfaction level of the customers. Therefore, this system increases the speed of delivery of the customers. Due to the implementation of the new online system, it provides with increasing the marketing of EI Supremo Coffee products as well as its locations (Kuciapski 2013). The new customers are also attracted with social media marketing. It increases the scalability of the business with the opportunity to attract more customers as well as franchisees more efficiently. In order to match with the software of the system, EI Supremo must realign with the processes of the business (Jezek and Moucek 2012). The implementation of the online ordering system is integrated with the ERP system in order to handle the payment process as well as ordering process of the firm that helps to access with the information of invoice of their customers. The implementation of the online ordering system for EI Supremo helps the business operations to become more efficient as well as profitable (Bogel, Stieglitz and Meske 2014). The key functional specifications of the EI Supremo Coffee System are reports, ordering, support, suppliers as well as accounts. Even the non-functional requirements are its performance, usability, compatibility as well as security (Goedertier, Vanthienen and Caron 2013). The online ordering system is required to execute when it overcomes with the business processes to make it more profitable as well as productive. Development of screen designs of MUST stories and identifying the business rules Figure 3: Development of screen designs of MUST stories The initial step of the project plan is the implementation of the online ordering system. This particular system can take the order from the customers and then check for the availability for the ordered product within their database. After checking for the orders within the database system, the staffs confirm that the ordered product is available or out-of-stock from their stored data warehouse (Bouchbout, Akoka and Alimazighi 2012). The customers then pay for the ordered. Within the payment method of the system, the customers pay for the ordered product by two means such as cash or card. After the payment for the particular product, it is verified if the payment method is true or false. If there is any error in the payment process, then the customers can again get the option to pay (Faisal 2012). After the payment, the order is dispatched to the customers. The online ordering system is beneficial for EI Supremo Coffee as it saves the hours each day by improving over the manual process of taking the orders from the customers. It removes the paper orders as well as handling of payment process (Pathak and Saxena 2012). The benefit of the online system is that it saves the time of printing of the item production sheets, ability to update the catalogues with the use of website at any time. It increases sales by providing an exciting new ordering system for the customers (Caron and Vanthienen 2015). The system monitors the orders. The team of customer service tracks each of the order so that none of the orders is missed. The web server used in the system must be secured as well as consists of high-speed data centre. It is necessary to consider the possibilities as well as have a system backup in the place (Durugbo 2014). The system improves the administration as well as security for the store by removing the requirement in order to reconcile the records as well as bank of hundreds of small cash transactions. The merits of the proposed system are that it ensures for the accuracy of the data during the process of order placement (Natschlager and Geist 2013). It minimizes the manual data entry as well as interactive for the customers to view the catalogue with visual confirmation that the order is being placed correctly. Lastly, it minimizes the time and simplifies the ordering process. Acceptance Criteria for the stories After the approval of the project plan for the online ordering process system, the project manager identifies the acceptance criteria of the system. The acceptance criteria for the stories are categorized as follows: The customer can place the order as well as update the ordering details. The customer should have the ability to place the order and payment for the order online. After the payment for the ordered product, a notification is sent to the customer about their payment approval. The confirmation should be sent within 30 seconds after the payment for the ordered product (Carone et al. 2015). The process of transaction should be taken into a real formal based. None of the manual paper work is carried out to process the ordering as well as payment process (Scholtz, Calitz and Snyman 2015). The system should be compatible with the business operations of the company such that it consists of accounting system. The system should create an account for the user login as well as holds of the details for the future logins (Yuena, Yangeng and Qun 2012). The system solution for EI Supremo implements in order to manage the payment, order process as well as sales accounting required for the business (Deshpande and Desai 2015). Job Description for the Business Analyst Within the business operations of EI Supremo, the business analyst can have the ability to manage the constant change through innovation that makes the business to a success position. The expansion with the job descriptions of the business analyst helps to offer with professionals the opportunity to shift towards the business focus in the technological aspect of the roles. The business analyst can develop technical solutions for the business problems (Seethamraju 2012). It provides them with an opportunity to expand their skills, value as well as become more marketable. The person can lead the role in: Assisting, planning as well as monitoring the business case Understanding the needs of the various stakeholders of the business (Kuciapski 2013). Facilitating the requirements of negotiations among various stakeholders Identifying both current as well as future state of the processes of business (Faisal 2012). Helping the stakeholders to meet with the changes in order to support the future Analyzing and validating the detailed functional as well as non-functional requirements Facilitating the design sessions with the implementation to define the system solution Delivering the elements of the system design such as rules for data mitigation, business rules as well as detailed deliverables (Natschlger and Geist 2013). Analyzing of the feasibility study as well as development of the existing system of the organization Ensuring that the system meets with the requirements of customers Testing of the system to identify the risks Key differences between Agile and SDLC (Waterfall) methods for business analysis The following are the differences between Agile and Waterfall methods for analyzing the business as follows: The waterfall method stresses the record keeping which allows improving over the existing system in the future whereas the agile method allows making changes after the initial planning (Bgel, Stieglitz and Meske 2014). The waterfall method helps the clients to know about the size, price as well as timeline of the project (Deshpande and Desai 2015). The agile methodology allows making changes as well as adds features to keep the system up-to-date with its latest development within the industry. The main advantage within the agile methodology is its backward scalability (Liu, Xia and Zhang 2014). The waterfall approach cannot make change within the decisions as well as implementations that are taken place in the previous stages. The flexibility to check errors in the development stages are taken place in agile methods whereas waterfall cannot test the bugs at the end of the development stages (Mallick, Garg and Grover 2014). Agile methods provide flexibility in order to make changes as per the requirements of the customers (Masood Butt et al. 2015). Therefore, it is more inclined towards better satisfaction to the client. The waterfall model does not allow for modifications once the module has completed. Agile helps the developers by allowing simultaneous development of various modules at the same time as per the business requirement as compared to waterfall methods. References Alotaibi, Y., 2014. Business process modelling challenges and solutions: a literature review.J Intell Manuf. Baghdadi, Y., 2014. Modelling business process with services: towards agile enterprises.IJBIS, 15(4), p.410. Behnam, S. and Amyot, D., 2013. Evolution mechanisms for goal-driven pattern families used in business process modelling.IJEB, 10(3), p.254. Bisogno, S., Calabrese, A., Gastaldi, M. and Levialdi Ghiron, N., 2016. Combining modelling and simulation approaches.Business Process Mgmt Journal, 22(1), pp.56-74. Bgel, S., Stieglitz, S. and Meske, C., 2014. A role model-based approach for modelling collaborative processes.Business Process Mgmt Journal, 20(4), pp.598-614. Bouchbout, K., Akoka, J. and Alimazighi, Z., 2012. An MDAà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ based framework for collaborative business process modelling.Business Process Mgmt Journal, 18(6), pp.919-948. Caron, F. and Vanthienen, J., 2015. Exploring business process modelling paradigms and design-time to run-time transitions.Enterprise Information Systems, pp.1-24. Carone, C., Erlich, J., Sensharma, A. and Wang, Z., 2015. Two-field axion-monodromy hybrid inflation model: Dantes Waterfall.Physical Review D, 91(4). Deshpande, K. and Desai, B., 2015. Model for Assessment of Agile Methodology for Implementing Data Warehouse Projects.IJAIS, 9(8), pp.42-49. Durugbo, C., 2014. Bunch: a channel-oriented business network modelling approach.Business Process Mgmt Journal, 20(3), pp.455-479. Faisal, C., 2012. Users' Adoptive Behavior Towards the ERP System.IIM, 04(03), pp.75-79. Goedertier, S., Vanthienen, J. and Caron, F., 2013. Declarative business process modelling: principles and modelling languages.Enterprise Information Systems, 9(2), pp.161-185. Jezek, P. and Moucek, R., 2012. System for EEG/ERP data and metadata storage and management.NNW, 22(3), pp.277-290. Kuciapski, M., 2013. A Business Process Modelling Approach to Communication Management in Projects.BSC 2013, 1(1). Li, K., Yan, J. and Lin, Z., 2012. A knowledge-based system for supply chain process modelling, reuse, and redesign.IJEB, 10(2), p.142. Liu, J., Xia, H. and Zhang, H., 2014. A Research into the UML Legend in the Waterfall Model Development.AMM, 519-520, pp.322-328. Mallick, B., Garg, D. and Grover, P., 2014. A Constraint Guided Progressive Sequential Mining Waterfall Model for CRM.Journal of Computing and Information Technology, 22(1), p.45. Masood Butt, S., Masood Butt, S., Onn, A., Tabassam, N. and Abdul Majid, M., 2015. Usability Evaluation Techniques for Agile Software Model.JSW, 10(1), pp.32-41. Milani, F., Dumas, M., Ahmed, N. and Matulevicius, R., 2016. Modelling families of business process variants: A decomposition driven method.Information Systems, 56, pp.55-72. Natschlger, C. and Geist, V., 2013. A layered approach for actor modelling in business processes.Business Process Mgmt Journal, 19(6), pp.917-932. Pathak, S. and Saxena, P., 2012. Hybrid Methodology Involving Scrum and Waterfall Model towards the Software Project Development in Academic Knowledge Centers.International Journal of Evaluation and Research in Education (IJERE), 1(1). Scholtz, B., Calitz, A. and Snyman, I., 2015. Synchronous gesture manipulation for collaboration and coordination of co-located Business Process Modelling.SACJ, (57). Seethamraju, R., 2012. Business process management: a missing link in business education.Business Process Mgmt Journal, 18(3), pp.532-547. Yuena, K., Yangeng, W. and Qun, Z., 2012. A Mode of Combined ERP and KMS Knowledge Management System Construction.Physics Procedia, 25, pp.2228-2234.

Marketing Plan Essays (3041 words) - Retailing,

Marketing Plan Green Mountain Coffee Roasters, Inc. I. Executive Summary Green Mountain Coffee Roasters currently has a revenue growth rate of 35.5% over the last 5 years. This company is growing right along side the fastest growing portion of the of the coffee industry, the high-end specialty coffee market. Green Mountain is a product leader in this category, they emphasize quality and enjoyment of their product. Green Mountain's target market is no question wholesaler's. Green Mountain has over 5,000 wholesale accounts that currently account for 94% of their revenue. In this marketing plan I thoroughly go through who their wholesale customers are, the relationships they have with them, and how they plan to use them in their overall strategy to obtain more customers in different market segments. Also in this report, I discuss the competitiveness of the industry Green Mountain is in, as well as the opportunities, threats and other outside influences that can have a positive or negative effect on the company. In general this report is an overview of the company that is Green Mountain Coffee Roasters, their industry, target markets, environmental influence's, competition, and most importantly their strategy, along with my critique. II. Description of Company Green Mountain Coffee Roasters began in 1981 as a small caf? in rural Vermont. Today the company boasts a 90,000 square feet, state-of-the-art distribution & roasting facility in Waterbury, Vermont, where the company is based. Green Mountain Coffee Roasters has a strong regional presence in the Northeast and is gaining Market share in other parts of the country. It has an extensive wholesale operation as well as a direct mail and Internet businesses. Green Mountain Coffee, Inc. is a leader in the specialty coffee industry. The company roasts 60 varieties of high quality Arabica coffees including single-origin, estate, certified organic proprietary blends and flavored coffee's that it sells all under the Green Mountain Coffee Roasters name brand. The majority of their revenue comes from their aforementioned wholesale operation, which services restaurant, supermarket, specialty food store, convenience store, food service, hotel room hospitality, university, airline, train and coffee office service customers. The company went public in 1993 and is listed on the NASDAQ National Market under the symbol GMCR; for the Fiscal year ended September 25th, 1999, net sales increased 16.2% to a record $64,881,000. III. Description of the Industry Changes The coffee industry has shifted towards specialty coffees such as Green Mountain's in the recent years, and The Company competes against all sellers of specialty coffee. These specialty coffees are higher priced then normal coffees; the increased demand for them has been driven by consumer education, a wider availability of high quality coffee such as Green Mountain's, and an emergence of up scale coffee shops throughout the country. Competition According to the National Coffee Association of USA, Inc. four out of five American consumers consider themselves coffee drinkers; on average an estimated 400 million cups of coffee are consumed in the US each day. Next to oil, coffee is the highest traded commodity in the world. Specialty coffees are becoming increasingly popular in the US, and the fastest growing segment of the coffee market. Green Mountain Coffee has become an established and premier brand in the specialty coffee market. This market is highly competitive, and because of the high growth of this segment, large companies have entered the market. Proctor Starbucks recently signed a distribution agreement with Phillip Morris/ Kraft foods that will enable Starbucks to place its Coffee in supermarkets as well. Starbucks has also been growing in its wholesale operations, and hopes to leverage its brand name that is continually growing in equity do its popular neighborhood coffee houses and trendy style. In the office coffee, convenience store and service arena, General Food's, Proctor & Gamble, and Sara Lee are direct competitors. In the direct sales area of the market, which accounted for 6% of Green Mountain's revenue in 1998, their major competitor is a division of General Foods, Gevalia. As you can see there are a lot of large multinational corporations in the market that have resources available to them that Green Mountain does not have. Starbucks is the only other major independent producer of high-end coffees. As this new

Free Essays on Animal Farm Character Analysis

In Animal Farm there is an instersting cast of characters. Each character or group of characters has a political representation. However, Orwell is more concerned with political psychology than with individual characters. As Jenni Calder states: â€Å"The allegory is very precise in its use of the major figures and incidents of the Russian Revolution. It expresses quite nakedly and with a complete lack of intellectual argument those aspects of Stalinism that most disturbed Orwell. At the same time the humbleness and warmth of the narrative give an attractive obliqueness without turning the direction of the satire. We can feel compassion for Orwell's creatures in a way that we cannot for Winston Smith, for the stark narrative of 1984 stuns our capacity for reaction. But Animal Farm is equally relentless in its message.† -Jenni Calder, Chronicles of Conscience, 1968 Remember, this is a fable, not a novel. The animals are meant to represent certain types of human beings and ideas, not complex individuals. Some of them are even group characters, without any individual name: "the sheep," "Napoleon's dogs," "the hens." The "main character" of Animal Farm is actually all of the animals taken together as a group. It's what happens to the group as a whole- whether their Rebellion succeeds or fails, and why- that really matters. Still, it is important to notice the distinctions between certain types and individuals. To start with, we have the pigs. The pigs lead the Rebellion from the start and progressively take on the same power and characteristics as the human masters they helped overthrow. They represent corrupted human leaders, in particular, the Bolsheviks, who led the overthrow of the capitalist Russian government, only to become new masters in their turn. Old Major, makes a stirring speech to the animals to help set the Rebellion in motion- t... Free Essays on Animal Farm Character Analysis Free Essays on Animal Farm Character Analysis In Animal Farm there is an instersting cast of characters. Each character or group of characters has a political representation. However, Orwell is more concerned with political psychology than with individual characters. As Jenni Calder states: â€Å"The allegory is very precise in its use of the major figures and incidents of the Russian Revolution. It expresses quite nakedly and with a complete lack of intellectual argument those aspects of Stalinism that most disturbed Orwell. At the same time the humbleness and warmth of the narrative give an attractive obliqueness without turning the direction of the satire. We can feel compassion for Orwell's creatures in a way that we cannot for Winston Smith, for the stark narrative of 1984 stuns our capacity for reaction. But Animal Farm is equally relentless in its message.† -Jenni Calder, Chronicles of Conscience, 1968 Remember, this is a fable, not a novel. The animals are meant to represent certain types of human beings and ideas, not complex individuals. Some of them are even group characters, without any individual name: "the sheep," "Napoleon's dogs," "the hens." The "main character" of Animal Farm is actually all of the animals taken together as a group. It's what happens to the group as a whole- whether their Rebellion succeeds or fails, and why- that really matters. Still, it is important to notice the distinctions between certain types and individuals. To start with, we have the pigs. The pigs lead the Rebellion from the start and progressively take on the same power and characteristics as the human masters they helped overthrow. They represent corrupted human leaders, in particular, the Bolsheviks, who led the overthrow of the capitalist Russian government, only to become new masters in their turn. Old Major, makes a stirring speech to the animals to help set the Rebellion in motion- t...

The Radical Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

The Radical - Essay Example For example, women in some Islamic communities are facing severe problems from the dominant male community. This paper analyses religious radicalism with the help of the problems facing by Muslim women in radical or fundamental societies. One of the recent reports from Afghanistan showed the brutalities suffered by an young Muslim girl from the hands of her husband. When Aisha was 12, her father promised her in marriage to a Taliban fighter to pay a debt. She was handed over to his family who abused her and forced her to sleep in the stable with the animals. When she attempted to flee, she was caught and her nose and ears were hacked off by her husband as punishment (Bates). Even though many of the scholars even in Muslim culture condemned above brutality, it is a fact that there are many women in Muslim communities who are suffering from similar treatments from their male counterparts. A civilized world like ours cannot tolerate such brutalities even if it has something to do with t he religious beliefs. It is hard to believe that the creator has created two types of people; one for domination and the other for suffering. Holy Bible says that Eve was created to give company to Adam; not for working as a slave to Adam. In Hindu culture also, women enjoy equal status with men. In fact, women are respected more than men in Hindu culture since they are instrumental in giving birth to future generation. â€Å"Koran says girls must stay home and that it is right to beat women if they disobey their husbands† (Chu). The above teaching of Koran cannot be accepted for an advanced culture like ours. It is difficult to digest the argument that only girls must be punished if they disobey their husband whereas boys can do anything as they like. It should be remembered that in Islamic culture, men can keep more than one wife at the same time whereas women cannot establish relations with other males. In other words, Islam treats males and females in different manner whi ch is unacceptable to any other cultures in the world. Some Muslim scholars are of the view that many of the teachings of Koran were misinterpreted. In their opinion, women beating don’t mean severe punishment in Islam. It is only a symbolic act for the wrong activities of women. In any case, it is a fact that Koran remains silent over the punishment of men who commit mistakes to their wives. Global media recently reported an incident from Saudi Arabia in which a woman who tried to drive her vehicle suffered punishment from the authorities. Woman driving is prohibited in Saudi Arabia even though it is allowed in many other Islamic countries. In other words, Saudi Arabia has its own laws and traditions which are entirely different from that in many other Muslim countries. For example, in UAE or Oman, woman driving is not a punishable act. In fact the number of women drivers in these countries is more or equal to the number of the male drivers. It should be noted that both Oman and UAE have similar culture as that of Saudi and they have no problem in allowing woman driving. It is evident from the above facts that misinterpretation of Koranic teaching is taking place everywhere in the world. Otherwise all the Muslim cultures in the world should have similar rules and regulations. The Saudi Koran and UAE Koran are one and the same; but the teachings of Saudi scholars and the UAE scholars are entirely different. In other words, Saudi is executing a hidden agenda against the women in community there

Ethic and Emis Perspectives Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Ethic and Emis Perspectives - Assignment Example Included in these tools, the emic and etic criteria for evaluation, which anthropologists use, give a better understanding of children’s behavior. Etic concept is about â€Å"cross-cultural and more universal dimensions of human behaviors† (p 161). It demands a descriptive system valid for all cultures, with objects of comparisons operationalized as variables under investigation which include perception and thinking, aggression as outcome variables or socialization practices and school attendance as generating mechanisms (Helfrich, 132). Emic perspective considers â€Å"within-group characteristics† (Weil and Kincheloe, 161) where culture is an integral part of human behavior and not just an external factor. â€Å"The emic approach shows us that it is not only the subjects of the research who are culture-dependent, but also the whole system of psychological thought and its underlying assumptions† (Helfrich, 132-133). In the article â€Å"Who is Bobby? Ideology and method in the discovery of a Down syndrome person’s competence† (1992), DA Goode said that emic analysis uses the â€Å"insider’s point of view† while etic analysis uses the â€Å"outsider’s perspective†. In the case of emic analysis, the focus is on what the subject tells about himself and his experiences, or from within the situation under study (Goode, 198) while in etic analysis, the focus is on what the professionals have observed. According to him, â€Å"etic frameworks are external to the situation under analysis† (Goode, 198). In the book â€Å"Ability Profiling and School Failure†, through an observer’s eyes, at first glance, one can say that what Laura thinks of Jay is based on an emic perspective. Their everyday encounter in school should have been enough for Laura to have an insider’s view of Jay’s behaviors and idiosyncrasies and thus should have a better understanding of them. But as you read, you will see that in Laura’s opinion, Jay is "emotionally

Obstacles Teachers May Face Essay Example for Free

Obstacles Teachers May Face Essay The process of how an individual learns is based on the theories surrounding behaviorism, conditioning, modeling and self regulation. Students can be problematic if proper resolutions aren’t put in place when a dilemma arises. There is a great emphasis on the importance and relevance in motivating the students in the classroom. Without the knowledge of extrinsic and intrinsic motivation and what drives students to learn, teachers may not know what inspires or how to encourage students to work to the best of their ability. Teachers must portray themselves in a professional manner at all times, whether they are dealing with students, parents or colleagues. Professionalism can be defined in several ways and some characteristics of a professional teacher include being committed to learners in a way that incorporates a code of ethics, have the ability to make routine and efficient decisions in a complex and ill-defined situation, conduct a critical self examination of one’s teachings, i. . reflective practice, and acquire the element of professional knowledge to constantly improve, develop and expand one’s methods of teaching to maximize learning environments (Eggan, P. Kauchak, D. 2010. pp, 4 – 6). One obstacle a teacher may face is if he or she gets asked a question that they don’t know the answer to. Students look up to teachers and depend on them for the knowledge they require (Yero, J. L. , 2002. P173). Understanding each topic is simply not enough; a teacher needs to be able to represent topics in an understandable way that is appropriate to the age of the learner. For example, the solution to explaining how to multiply numbers is to firstly acquire the knowledge of content then illustrate how to multiply the numbers. This is referred to as pedagogical knowledge. Pedagogical knowledge requires the teacher to understand principles of instructional strategies and classroom management. Involving each student in the learning process in order to enhance productive learning comes with knowledge and experience. Instructional strategies that promote productive learning include: selecting topics that are important for students to learn, provide clear learning objectives and prepare learning activities respectively, design assessments that relate to the workload and maintain the instructional alignment between the three, i. e. the connection between learning objectives, learning activities and assessments (Eggan, P. Kauchak, D. 2010. pp390 – 394). A teacher must have a positive and caring attitude, be organized, communicate effectively, respect and encourage rather than punish and constantly question and prompt incorrect answers to manage a productive classroom (Nelson, J. , Lott, L. Glen, S. p20-27). Identifying clear standards of acceptable behavior i. e. rules, be supportive to each student and create a sense of equilibrium are all strategies to ensure a produc tive and manageable classroom. The aim of all teachers is to promote as much learning as possible. Behaviorism focuses on the idea that learning is â€Å"influenced by stimuli from the environment† (Eggan, P. Kauchak, D. 2010. p,164). For example, feeling nervous before an exam is a learned behavior due to previous experiences/knowledge of exams. This feeling is involuntary to the individual, and it is referred to as classical conditioning. Classical conditioning can be positive or negative, depending on which, it can have different effects on the learner. If the teacher uses positive reinforcement within the classroom the students will gradually associate learning to the teacher’s manner and thus feel safe within the classroom resulting in a productive learning environment. In contrast negative or non-reinforcement results in the cessation of a behavior and results in a classroom environment that is not productive. Children learn acceptable behaviors through observing adults, therefore teachers are role models, and it is important for a teacher to demonstrate respect, tolerance, and values to motivate learning (Call, N. Featherstone, S. 2004 p. 47). Cognitive modeling is essential to the learning process as teachers use this to perform a demonstration and verbalize the thinking behind the actions taken (Eggan, P. Kauchak. D. , 2010. p. 182). An obstacle one may face is if some children are having trouble learning how to pass a netball to one another. Often, children instinctively bounce the ball, instead of passing it, as clas sical conditioning has taught them to do so from a young age. The teacher must describe one’s thoughts of how to pass a netball, whilst performing the action, which in turn encourages students to verbalize their understandings in any situation, resulting in a productive learning environment. Modeling is the key concept of social cognitive theory. Cognitive, behavioral and emotional change in children is a result of observing models. Modeling affects people by learning new behaviors, facilitating existing behaviors, changing inhibitions and by arousing emotions (Eggan, P. Kauchak, D. 2010. p. 183). These observations lead to learner expectations, which in turn are accomplished through self-regulation. Settings goals and monitoring that progress is an essential element of learning. The student observes another student passing the netball. He then models the observation, uses that experience to expand his knowledge thus takes responsibility and control of his learning. Teaching is constantly developing and changing, and the need for motivation is a necessary procedure to support and increase student learning and the teaching process. A common obstacle teacher’s face is how to motivate uninterested and unengaged students. Some students seem naturally enthusiastic about learning, but many need or expect their instructors to inspire, challenge and stimulate them. An unmotivated student is likely to choose work that is inappropriately easy, show a negative attitude, give up quickly and leave tasks unfinished. This can disrupt the students around him and cause interruptions in the learning environment (Nelson, J. Lott L. , Glenn, S. 1997 p. 72). There are two broad forms of motivation; extrinsic – where some students will be motivated by the approval of others, for example, by getting a good grade, and intrinsic motivation, where the learner studies in order to understand the content presented to them because they like the challenge and want to perform (Eggen, P. Kauchak, D. 2010. p. 287). To encourage students to become self motivated and independent learners, teachers can give frequent, early, positive feedback. This supports the students beliefs’ that they can, and are doing well as viewed by the humanistic theory of motivation. The teacher can also help students find personal meaning and value in the material as viewed by cognitive and social cognitive theory of motivation, and create an atmosphere that is open and positive which help students feel that they are a valued member of the learning community which is based on the socioculural theory of motivation. In addition, a teacher can ensure opportunities for students’ success by assigning tasks that are neither too easy nor too difficult which is a view shared by behaviorist theories (Eggen, P. Kauchak, D. 2010. p. 289). It must be understood that individuals are motivated through a wide variety of needs. While teachers can’t make or teach students to be self-motivated, they can encourage and promote this highly desirable trait. To conclude, there are many solutions to the obstacles a teacher may face in a learning environment. A teacher should act and approach a classroom with a professional attitude and an academic manner by being knowledgeable and recognizing the importance for assessing oneself. Teachers must be aware of the influence they make on students’ learning and how to promote positive and engaging classroom environments in order to solve the dilemmas they may be presented with in regards to behaviors students display. Furthermore, teachers need to understand that the process of motivation stems from stimulation, which in turn is followed by an emotional reaction that leads to either a positive or negative behavioral response. By understanding the theories based on solutions to the problems a teacher may face in the classroom, they may have a better chance at expecting when a problem may arise, and resolve the situation immediately.

Peer Pressure Speech -- Peer Pressure Speech

The first point I want to make in this speech is that peer pressure is NOT a bad thing. We all are influenced by our peers, both negatively and positively. It helps define who we are and how we feel about subjects in our lives. It is how we chose to react to peer pressure that defines who we are as an individual. Are we a leader or a follower? Both types of people are needed to make the world go round. Basically, the difference between negative and positive peer pressure is the outcome. The reverse of the situation above is negative peer pressure. The situation itself is positive peer pressure. Or is it? What if a teen really doesn't like sports, but pushes himself to do it to please his friends or to be accepted? Therefore, he probably doesn't do to well at it, and gets only jabs at hi...

Hubungan Tenaga Kerja

Individual project: Research current theories in employment relations I. Traditional perspectives on the employment relationship. Traditional perspectives are important because they express the different assumptions that other make about the nature of organization, the fundamental nature of the relationship between workers and employers, and the characteristics of the society within which work organization exist and function. The three views are most frequently referred to as the unitary, pluralist and Marxist perspectives.The Marxist/ radical perspective is sometimes referred to as the Conflict Model. Each offers a particular perception of workplace relations and will therefore interpret such events as workplace conflict, the role of trade unions and job regulation very differently. 2. 1 the unitary perspective In Unitary perspective, the organization is perceived as an integrated and harmonious whole with the ideal of â€Å"one happy family†, where management and other membe rs of the staff all share a common purpose, emphasizing mutual cooperation.Furthermore, unitary has a paternalistic approach where it demands loyalty of all employees, being predominantly managerial in its emphasis and application. 2. 2. 1 management style management’s right to manage and make decision is seen as rational, legitimate and acceptable to all ( Salamon 1987) its mean there is only one source of power and authority. 2. 2. 2 roles of parties For the management have to provide good communication skill and also strong leadership skill. The employees roles should be loyal to organization and management. 2. 2. employment relations perspective The aggressive style of management (strong emphasis on HRM such commonality and organizational goal) that can promote the avoidance or marginalization of trade unions 2. 2. 4 weakness/critisms A narrow approach that neglects cause of conflict, fails to explain the prevalence of conflict within organization. Assumption that all man agement decisions are rational and will take care of employee needs.Does not take account for uneven distribution of power among employees and employers in the decision making process. . 2. 5 a unitary perspective, which informs in human resource management (HRM) HRM also knew as modern form that approach by unitarism perspective to industrial relations characteristics, that is. The management of the employment relationship primary from the perspective of the employer. This can be refer in the main focus of HRM. Such as plan human resource requirement, recruit and hire employees, train and manage employee performance, reward employees and dismissal or retire employee. The two main forms within the HRM approach are known as: . Soft HRM is developmental humanism, 2. Hard HRM is instrumental integration of employees into company objective. This two perspective to HRM can also be seen as the best practice approach and contingency approach. 2. 2 the pluralism perspective In The pluralism perspective the manager approve foster freedom of expression and the development of groups, which establish their own norms and choose their own informal leaders. Organization Power is diffused among the main bargaining groups within the employment relationships (no-one dominates).Because of the power and control arise in several areas of the organisation and loyalty is commanded by the leaders of the groups, which are often in competition with each other for resources. Pluralist perspective regards conflict as inevitable because employers and employees have conflicting interests; trade unions are seen as a legitimate counter to management authority. This is mean, represents good leadership, although sometimes it can be difficult to achieve the necessary balance, in which the interests of all stakeholders have to be taken into account.The management style under pluralist perspective focuses on consensus building. However, according to Rensis Likert, when employees become involved i n solving work-related problems and making decisions, they become involved in what they are doing and committed to the achievement of successful outcomes (Likert, 1961). 2. 3. 6 roles of parties Management will attempt to reconcile conflicting and keep the conflict within acceptable bound so that does not destroy the organization. Employees will accept mutual adjustment and will constantly push for their own goals . 3. 7 employment relations perspective The role of government was to develop and manage the framework and, through legislation, to ensure that conciliation or arbitration was available to the parties to achieve a binding consensus. 2. 3. 8 weakness/critisms The concept of pluralism is inextricably linked to the idea of democracy (Flanders 1965). The reality is that workplace is not a democracy. In Power context is not evenly diffused: it is typically weighted towards management in the workplace.Pluralist thinking lends itself to the conclusion that there is a simple and s traightforward set of processes that resolve conflict, and that conflict can be readily managed through rules, regulations and processes. 2. 3. 9 a pluralist perspective, leading to ‘ neo-institutional’ approaches. Neo-institutional approach emerged in an attempt to extend the pluralist thingking for the role of ‘rule making’ in the employment relationship. they have Two type of the rules : formal / informal rules, substantive/ procedural rules.And this rules are made as a result of the forces and imperatives of capitalst social relations, in society and workeplace. And some others features. 2. 3 marximst perspective The radical or Marxist perspective sees industrial conflict as an aspect of class conflict. The solution to worker alienation and exploitation is the overthrow of the capitalist system. 2. 4. 10 general philosophy Inherent and irreconcilable conflict. 2. 4. 11 management style Management is focused upon extracting the maximum amount of labour f rom the workforce.Under modern capitalism, this seen more sophisticated managerial applications such as TQM or HRM. 2. 4. 12 roles of parties Roles employees challenging management control in demand and obtain as much as they can. For employers to make extract as much as possible 2. 4. 13 employment relations perspective The Marxist perspectives argue that the balance of power between capital and labour promoted in the pluralist perspective is illusionary (Salamon 1987). In the context of power relations, a balance is achieved through the implicit knowledge that employers can withdraw their capital and employees cab withdraw their labour. . 4. 14 weakness/critisms Preoccupied with conflict: obscures any cooperation or shared goals between management and workers. Capital is not homogenous: competition among capitalists. The theory was formulated at a time when labour did not have a representative political view. 2. 4. 15 radical perspective, which enables a ‘labour process†™ approach. Because management’s goals and labor’s goals are in the long term—opposed, it cannot also be assumed that management will be able to capture all of the potential labour. Management is obliged to seek increased effort.Labour may not always agree, especially when the extra effort only goes to making increased profits for the employer. Because the employment relationship is open-ended, management needs some system of controlling and improving labour effort, and the relationship is constantly renegotiated. Braverman identified the first major method through which management sought to control labour, such as Productivity through deskilling labour. Braverman also argued that Taylorism and scientific management are strategies to maximise the conversion of potential into actual labour, by simplifying the work process and minimizing employee discretion.Some researchers argued that Braverman oversimplified the complexity of management’s strategies. Fr iedman, for example, argued that management could either use ‘direct control’ as outlined by Braverman or it could use more sophisticated, commitment-based strategies.IV. references books: * Teicher, J. , Holland, P. , and Gough. R (Eds. ), (2006). Employee Relations Management, 2nd Edition. French Forest, NSW: Prentice-Hall. * Nankervis, A. , Compton, R. , and Baird, M. (2008) Human Resource Management: strategies & precesses, South Melbourne : Cengage Learning Australia. Stone, R. J. (2008). Human Resource Management. (6th ed. ). Brisbane, Australia: John Wiley & Sons. * De Cieri, H. , Kramar, R. , Noe, R. A. , Hollenbeck, J. R. , Gerhart, B. & Wright, P. M. (2005). Human Resource Management in Australia (2nd ed. ). Australia: McGraw-Hill. * Dessler, G, (2004). Human Resource Management. (10th Ed. ), New Jersey: Prentice Hall. * Dessler, G. , Griffiths, J. & Lloyd-Walker, B. (2007). HRM. (3rd Ed. ), Australia: Pearson Education. * Sappey, R. , Burgess, J. , Lyons, M. & Buultjens, J. (2009). Industrial Relations in Australia Work and Workplaces (2nd ed. ). Australia: Pearson.Online resource:  http://en. wikipedia. org/wiki/Human_resourceshttp://www.thefreelibrary.com/Unitarism,+Pluralism,+and+Human+Resource+Management+in+Germany-a057816024 http://en. wikipedia. org/wiki/Industrial_relations http://www. brighthub. com/office/project-management/articles/77199. aspx

Cloning - It’s Time for Organ Farms Essay - 1441 Words

It’s Time for Organ Farms Currently 70,000 Americans are on the organ waiting list and fewer than 20,000 of these people can hope to have their lives saved by human organ transplantation.1 As a result of this shortage, there has been a tremendous demand for research in alternative methods of organ transplantation. Private companies are racing to develop these technologies with an estimated market of six billion dollars.2 Xenotransplantation, or cross-species organ transplantation, appears to be the most likely solution in the near future, and cloned pigs are the main candidates. Pigs and humans have remarkable similarities in physiology, which along with cloning makes pigs strong possibilities for organ donors. A†¦show more content†¦The insertion of this gene, however, would further reduce the bodys ability to fight viral infection after transplant surgery. Nobody knows for certain what some of the long-term consequences of inserting a porcine organ into our bodies would be. One problem could be the existence of unknown viruses in pigs DNA. Daniel Salmon at the Scripps Research Institute found that human cells could be infected with viruses called porcine endogenous retroviruses, which exist dormantly (inactively) in all pigs. Salmon found that mice transplanted with pig Islet of Langerhans cells became infected with the virus, although it only replicated a few times before it became dormant in them as well.5 Another concern is the possibility of pig viruses merging with human ones to create hybrids.4 These viruses and others like them could have serious consequences in transplant patients and their progeny. The most controversial alternative to xenotransplantation is surprisingly close to reality. It involves growing headless humans for their organs. Researchers at the University of Texas recently found a way to delete the gene in experimental mice that tells the embryo to produce a head. 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